Tuesday, December 30, 2008

Think Before You Reach Dummy

3
A5
J9642
J8763
AKJT764
983
A
A4

The bidding:

WestNorthEastSouth
   1
p1NTp4
ppp

Although a lot can be said about the choice of opening bid, you fortunately managed to land on the contract of 4♠. West leads the ♥K. Plan the play.


A habit you should definitely hold on to is thinking about your prospects before you touch a card in dummy. You have four losers: a trump, two in hearts and one in clubs. one of the heart losers can be ruffed in dummy but the danger is your unkind opponents can remove the dummy's single trump before you take your ruff.

Suppose you win the opening lead with dummy's ♥A and play another heart. A not sleeping East can rise up with the heart jack or ten and play a spade through your holding. Having no trumps left in dummy, if the finesse loses to ♠Q, you are one down. What can you do about it?

Try holding up the ♥A at trick one, allowing West's ♥K to win. You are now in full control. No matter what West returns the contract is safe: you will either take your heart ruff (if West returns a minor suit) or you will not lose a trump to the ♠Q as West will give you a free finesse by returning a trump.

The full deal:

 
3
A5
J9642
J8763
Q85
KQT4
T853
T5
92
J762
KQ7
KQ92
AKJT764
983
A
A4

The deal has been taken from Barbara Seagram and David Bird's "25 Ways to Take More Tricks as Declarer."

Monday, December 29, 2008

What is a Bidding System?

For starters, it surely is not a few conventions you scribbled on a convention card. True, with a pick-up partner you incidentally meet in a club, there is little else to do. For the serious, however, and by serious I mean partnerships, more than a framework of gadgets built on a, say natural system is required.

I have three regular partners and because of Madame Fortune's evil curse at the time I was born, I play three different systems with each of them. This, of course does not make me or them better players but it does make us better partnerships. What I hate most at the table is crafting an unnecessary bid for the fear of being misunderstood when there is a perfectly logical bid available. If the puritan in me forces me to make the right bid, I hate the result. And when I choose the safe option I hate myself. For what it's worth, I do not like to play bridge with a pick-up partner.

I can write hundreds of essays on bidding theory and conventions, and I plan to write a few here, though, lower than the hundreds range, the best article that sums up what constitutes a bidding system is written by John Montgomery, in his foreword to Revision Club[1]:


Perhaps surprisingly, the basic framework, or outline, or convention-card-level description of the methods you play is not overwhelmingly important. A competent pair could probably pick up the convention card of another competent pair and, using that as a starting point, devise a true system that is just about as good as whatever would be arrived at by starting with their own personal preferences. How can I say this? How, for example, can it not make a difference what notrump range you play? Or whether or not your strong bid is 1♣ or 2♣ or something else? Well, it does make a difference, but not that big a difference. We know this because of the remarkable variety of basic approaches that have been successful in actual play. Notrump openings of the preemptive variety (10-12 or, where allowable, 9-11 or 9-12) have been used successfully. So have weak and strong notrumps of various ranges, and even super-strong notrumps (17-19, 17-20, even 18-20). "Standard" methods have won national and world championships, and so have big clubs, forcing-but-not-necessarily-strong clubs, and methods even farther out than that. People who don't even bid their longest suit first (canapĂ©) have won at the highest level. What is really important is not the basic framework you play on the first round of bidding, but that you know what your bids mean after that. And this is where most players fall down. For various reasons, they do not put in the work to develop a true system, one that is internally self-consistent and sufficiently detailed to make their framework function optimally.

We will be analyzing more than several bidding systems here. Some will be a few paragraphs that I especially liked about the system under consideration. What I do not want is you making a soup out of them and thinking you now have a cool system. Changing a bit here, plugging a bit there does not make it a system. Think of this post as a reminder.

[1] I will write a post about it separately and Montgomery does not have a web page as far as I know.

Ambra: 5-card Majors with a Twist

Benito Garozzo of Blue Team fame is without a doubt one of the greatest bridge players and bidding theoreticians in the world. In addition to his contribution to systems like Blue Team Club, Roman Club and the Precision, he also crafted a natural two-over-one system for the Italian Junior Team to be used in 2000 World Junior Champs based on 5-card majors. Davide Tavoschi has taken it up and incorporated it into Ambra.

Like Terence Reese, I am not a big fan of 5-card majors although I had to play it through all these years thanks to my ever-insisting and always-resisting partners. No, I am not hostile towards the idea and have no intention of creating a system like Reese's Little Major where a major opening shows either four or 6 cards but never five (British humor can go to extremes)! Leaving this discussion to bidding theory, let us quickly have a look at the opening bids of Ambra:

With the exception of 1♦ one-level openings are pretty standard, a strong notrump (15-17), 5-card majors and a catch-all 1♣ bid. Ambra, rather bidding the best minor a la French where a minor bid can show any number of cards from three upwards, did the right thing and packed some of the minor suiters in 1♣ to have a natural 4-card diamond opener. Having witnessed too many losses due to the ambiguity of minor suit length in competitive auctions, this is not a small improvement.

Another big step forward is the development after two-over-one responses (major openings). Garozzo, tried to overcome the crippled sequences like 1♥-2♣ by changing the natural meaning of the opener's bids at her second turn where,

2♦ : a minimum hand without 4 spades,
2♥ : 5 hearts and 4 spades, any strength,
2♠ : 5 hearts and 4 diamonds, 16+ high-card points (hcp),
2NT : 5+ hearts, 16+ hcp,
3♣ : 5 hearts and 4 clubs, 16+ hcp,
3♦ : 6 hearts and 4 clubs, 16+ hcp.
...

It is a clever idea with a small burden on memory.

A similar trick is also employed by Garozzo after one-over-one responses. All strong openers respond 2♣ which can also be natural and rest of opener's responses show minimum or mid-range hands as naturally as possible. For example, after 1♥ - 1♠,

1NT : natural,
2♣ : either 5 hearts and 3+ clubs any strength, or all hands with 17 hcp upwards,
2♦ : 5 hearts and 3+ diamonds, limited,
2♥ : 6 hearts minimum,
2♠ : 5 hearts and 4 spades, minimum,
2NT : 6 hearts and 4-any with 4-5 losers.
...

Garozzo and later Tavoschi have added a few tricks to most of the sequences and if you want to play a natural (it is hard to play purely natural these days) system with 5-card majors and two-over-one game forcing, Ambra is definitely worth checking.

Let the Game Begin!

Contract bridge is a fine game. Unlike casino games where betting techniques based on statistics play a great deal, it is a trick-taking game of skill and chance.

A lot has been said about the element of chance but let me add a few things, too. If we compare bridge, for example to chess which is a pure skill game, bridge is practical whereas chess is theoretical. Life is not and can not be a game of chess for the simple reason that there is no uncertainty in chess. Bridge, however, is the life itself. It asks of you to use your skills no matter what the odds are. You have to accept bad luck just like you would accept a rainy day. Bridge is real whereas chess is surreal.

Here in this web log, I will ramble about bidding systems and theory, conventions, carding, declarer and defense play, players, hands, tournaments and events around the world, bridge software and links, you name it. It will be about bridge and only bridge. I do not consider myself an authority but I have degrees at a national level. So, this might comfort you to some extent if you are one those who demand credentials for everything said and written. For the light-hearted, this blog will be another place to spend -hopefully- quality time.

Now, let the game begin!

Q and A Section

You can leave all your bridge related questions here in the comments section. I will try to answer them as soon as possible, usually in a post, and I will give the link to the post here. In some cases I can simply answer your question here as a return comment. So this section is worth checking every once in a while. An easy way to do this is by subscribing to the comments of this very post.
 
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